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Objective To analyze risk factors for grenade throwing fractures and put forward corresponding preventive measures for the fractures during the military training in recruits,so as to reduce the happen in the military training.Methods The research is case-control study.The trial group and the control group (39 patients each) were followed up and investigated.The investigation indicators included height,body mass index (BMI),whether drinking carbonated beverage frequently,literacy,osteoporosis,throwing training score,throwing posture,warm-up sufficiently,region,whether attend often physical exercise before recruitment,exercise strength,and weather factor.Results There were significant differences in the warm-up sufficiency,attending physical exercise before recruitment,exercise intensity,throwing posture,weather factor between trial group and the control group in recruits.The logistic regression analysis showed that the lack of physical exercise before recruitment,strong exercise intensity,nonstandard throwing posture were the risk factors in grenade throwing fractures in recruits.Conclusion Sufficient warm-up,avoiding exhausted exercise and assault exercise,strict training in accordance with the standard throwing posture,regular participation in physical exercise before recruitment and training in warm season are effective methods for preventing grenade throwing fractures in recruits.
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Objective To conduct a random sampling survey in occurrence and distribution of military training-related injuries in the troops as the monitoring sites of the injury in the years of 2009 and 2010 for analyzing the epidemiological features and trend of the injury. Methods Ten troops as the monitoring site were randomly selected for the survey, and soldiers who participated in military training in the years 2009 and 2010 served as the objects of the survey. Data concerning military trainingrelated injuries were collected and analyzed according to the "Diagnostic Criteria and Treatment Principle on Military Training- Related Injury". Results Among the 63132 soldiers who participated in various military trainings, 10775 suffered from military training-related injuries in 2009 and 2010. Among which, 4076 out of the 27230 soldiers who participated in military training in 2009 suffered from training-related injury, with an incidence of 15%; while 6699 out of the 35902 soldiers who participated in military training in 2010 suffered the injury, with an incidence of 18.7%. There was a significantly higher incidence of military training-related injuries in 2010 (P<0.01). The composition ratios of osteoarticular, soft tissue, and organ injuries were 33.5%, 48.4%, and 18.1% in 2009, and 19.7%, 73.3%, and 7% in 2010, respectively. The composition ratio of organ and osteoarticular injury decreased, while that of soft tissue injuries increased significantly. Two peaks of training injuries were seen both in 2009 and 2010. Conclusions More attention should be paid to the prevention of injuries related to military training. The key to reducing the incidence of military training-related injuries is to enhance the dissemination of information about military training-related injuries and strictly carry out the "Rule for Health Protection in Military Training".
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Objective To explore diagnostic method and surgical outcome of lateral patellofemoral crush syndrome caused by military training. Methods Fifteen patients with lateral patellofemoral crush syndrome caused by military training from May 2006 to May 2008 were enrolled in this study, including 12 men (14 knees) and 3 women (3 knees), aged from 22 to 43 years old with an average of 27.3 years. Randomly selected 18 healthy volunteers with similar age and gender but no knee pain symptom were selected to serve as a control group. Anteroposterior and lateral X-ray photographs of knee joint and axial photographs of the patella were taken in both groups for observing the bone architecture of the knee joint and measuring the femoral trochlear angle, patellofemoral congruence angle and patellofemoral index, and the data were compared. The 17 knee joints in patient group were treated with lateral patellar retinaculum release. Then the preoperative and postoperative pain severity was evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS). Results Patellofemoral congruence angle was 7.67°± 5.81° and patellofemoral index was 2.49±1.40 in patient group, while they were -2.2°±-2.71° and 1.25±0.15 in control group. The difference between two groups showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). The change in bone architecture was obvious in patient group. The preoperative pain score was 7.06±0.85, and postoperative pain score was 3.87±0.24 after 6 months and 3.01+0.17 after 1 year in patient group. The difference between preoperative pain score and postoperative pain score showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusions Diagnosis of patellofemoral crush syndrome caused by military training requires a combination of case history, typical symptoms, objective sign and X-ray examination. Among these, X-ray examination is the fundamental auxiliary diagnostic tool for lateral patellofemoral crush syndrome, and the patellofemoral index is convenient for diagnosis.
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Objective To explore an appropriate training method to quickly improve the soldiers' aerobic endurance capacity and decrease the incidence of military training injuries for combat troops. Methods Two hundred and forty-eight recruits (males,Hanzu) from infantry without previous history of military training were involved in the present study,and they were divided averagely into experimental group and control group (124 each). Intensified endurance training designed with the theory of "cyclic training" was applied in experimental group,and routine training method was applied in control group including mainly 5000 meters running (no more than once a day,3 times a week). The resting pulse,vital capacity,maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and the performance of 5000m running were determined before and after eight-week-training as endurance capacity indices. Physical examination was performed to count the cases of military training injuries including calf swelling and tenderness,knee swelling and pain,and low back pain,and then the incidence of military training injuries was calculated. Results In the experimental group,the resting pulse decreased by 8.0%,while the vital capacity,VO2max and 5000m running performance elevated by 8.1%,20.0% and 14.7% respectively after training,which were significantly different in comparison with that before training and of control group (P
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Objective To evaluate the influence of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism on the effect of aerobic endurance training of soldiers.Methods Two hundred and forty-eight army recruits (males,Hans) from an infantry regiment without previous history of military training were involved in the present study,and they were divided into experimental group and control group (124 each).Intensified endurance training designed with the theory of "cyclic training" was applied in experimental group,and routine training method was applied in control group including mainly 5000 meters running for 3 times in one week (no more than 1 time per day).The 5000m running performance and maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max) were determined before and after eight-week training as endurance capacity indices.The ACE gene polymorphism was determined and the recruits in both groups were divided into 3 sub-groups according to the ACE genotypes as II,ID and DD.The influence of ACE genotype and training method on endurance capacity was analyzed.Results The 5000m running performance and VO_2max of experimental group after eight-weeks-training were significantly higher than those before training and those of control group (P0.05).In control group,the 5000m running performance and VO_2max of DD sub-group were significantly lower than those of II sub-group and ID sub-group (P0.05).Conclusions Intensified endurance training designed with the theory of "cyclic training" may effectively improve the endurance capacity in 8 weeks.ACE genotype could not be used as an accurate indicator to evaluate the endurance capacity and improvement of efficiency of soldiers.
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Objective Randomly sampling survey was performed among the troops stationed in the monitoring sites during the period of 2006-2007 for understanding and analyzing the incidence,distribution and the epidemiological features of military training related injuries(MTRI).Methods Troops stationed in 9 monitoring sites were randomly selected for the survey,and soldiers participated in military training during the period of 2006-2007 served as the objects.The data concerning the military training injuries were collected and analyzed according to the "Diagnostic Criteria and Treatment Principle on Military Training Related Injury".Results 6262 out of 71836 soldiers who participated in assorted military training during the period of 2006-2007 suffered from military training related injuries.Among them 2455 out of 35582 soldiers who participated in military training in 2006 suffered the injuries,with an incidence of 6.9%;while 3807 out of 36254 soldiers who participated in military training in 2007 suffered the injuries,with an incidence of 10.5%.A significant difference existed in the incidence of military training related injuries between the years of 2006 and 2007(P
ABSTRACT
In August 2001, Chinese military released the "Diagnostic criteria, principles of principles of prophylaxis and treatment of military training injuries" for implementation in the armed forces for the first time in history. The "Criteria" standardizes the definitions of military training injuries, categorizes the various injuries with specific diagnostic criteria, and specifies the principles of their prevention and treatment. This paper gives a brief account of the main contents of the "Criteria", and reiterates the basis of designation of precuresor symptoms of various injuries which occur during military training. The paper points out that the army officers should revise the training plan in regard to its contents, duration and intensity timely, if the additive ratio of limb pain and joint swelling reaches 20% and 10%, respectively, during the 3rd-4th training week. During the period of implementation, the "Criteria" has shown to be practical and easy to operate. It has not only provided standardized technical bases for the case reports, stastistics, clinical investigations, and popularization of technics, but also provided a reliable and comparable theoretical foundation to the officers to formulate training protocols. Furthermore, because of the application of the principles of prevention and treatment of injuries during training as documented in the text, as well as psychological education has been emphasized, the incidence of military training injury has been lowered markedly. Through epidemiological study in 10 different army groups, it has been shown that the yearly add up ratios have been lowered from 30%-45% to below 10%.